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http://www.petmd.com/dog/centers/nutrition/evr_multi_nutrigenomics_research_pet_food_nutrition

 

Nutrigenomics Research Yields New Nutritional Therapies for Pets營養基因組學研究的寵物營養療程

By Jennifer Coates, DVM

New research is proving the truth behind the old adage, “You are what you eat.”

新的研究證明後面的老格言的真理,“你吃什麼就是甚麼。

At its most basic level, the idea that people and pets are healthier when they eat nutritious food is fairly self-evident. Proof abounds in our own lives. When our diets are centered around whole grains, lean protein sources, and lots of fruits and vegetables we feel better and have fewer health concerns. Scientists are starting to understand some of the complex reasons why this is true and apply that knowledge to the prevention and treatment of diseases in both animals and people.

 基本是,人與寵物自身得例子而言,當他們吃有營養的食物,身體自然就會很健康。以我們自己的生活為例。當我們的飲食是圍繞全穀類,瘦肉蛋白來源,以及大量的水果和蔬菜,我們身體會感覺更好,較少有健康問題。科學家們開始了解一些複雜的原因,並運用這些知識在動物和人的疾病的預防和治療。

Nutrigenomics (shorthand for nutritional genomics) is the study of how nutrients found in food can influence gene expression. A gene is a portion of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that codes for a particular protein. Proteins have been called the “stuff of life.” A few of their important roles include:

營養基因學(簡寫營養基因組學)是關於食物中的營養物質如何影響基因的研究。基因是DNA(脫氧核糖核酸),是特定蛋白質的代碼的一部分。蛋白質被稱為生命的東西”,他們的一些重要的角色包括:

  • Enzymes that control the rate of the body’s chemical reactions
  • Transporters that carry molecules around the body
  • Hormones that regulate most processes within the body

•控制體內的化學反應的速率的酶
•攜帶身體周圍的分子的運輸機
•體內調節大多數進程的荷爾蒙

By upregulating some genes and downregulating others, the body can alter the levels of the various proteins that are being produced at any given time. This process can be either beneficial or detrimental to our well being. For example, if all the genes that create inflammation are turned up high and remain that way, problems related to excess inflammation will follow.

 通過基因的調整,身體可以在任何給定時間改變各種蛋白質的水平。這個過程可以是有益的或有害於我們的健康。例如,如果會引發癌症的基因被調到很高並且保持這種方式,癌症的問題就會隨之而來。

Research is proving that the foods we and our pets eat influence which of our genes are most active at any given time, both in sickness and in health. Dr. Lynda Melendez, Medical Director in the Clinical Studies and Claims Department at Hill's Pet Nutrition, explains further:

 研究證明,我們和寵物吃的食物對於我們基因的活躍是最有影響的,不論是任何的時間,或是在疾病和健康。琳達·梅倫德斯,醫務主任的臨床研究和索賠系希爾思寵物營養博士進一步解釋說:

Using special techniques, the scientists at Hills Pet Nutrition have not only pinpointed which genes are being expressed in a specific disease process, but they have found out which ingredients and nutrients change that expression for the better. They then use that information to formulate special foods containing the nutrients that modify an individual's gene expression to be more healthy (i.e., turn down the genes that cause inflammation) and help improve the quality of life of pets who consume that food.

 使用特殊的技術,科學家們不僅精確定位哪些基因和特定疾病有關,而且他們已經發現了哪些營養成分可以幫助身體。然後,他們利用這些資訊來提供仁和寵物以更健康的營養成分特別的食物(例如減少癌症的發生),並改變寵物的食物來幫助生活健康。

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Can Nutrigenomics Help Overweight Pets?

營養基因組學幫助超重的寵物? 

Scientists are also using nutrigenomics to combat the ongoing epidemic of obesity in pets. In a tightly controlled environment, most individuals will lose weight if they eat appropriate portions of a calorie-restricted diet. However, the complexities of real life often don’t allow owners to rigorously control the conditions within their homes. Scientists at some pet food manufacturers, such as Hill’s Pet Nutrition, have used nutrigenomics to develop new therapeutic weight loss diets.

 科學家們還利用營養基因組學,打擊持續流行的肥胖寵物現象。在嚴格控制的環境下,如果吃了卡路里限制飲食,大多數人士'會減肥,。然而,現實生活中的複雜性通常不允許業主嚴格家園內控制的條件。科學家在一些寵物食品製造商的產品,使用了營養基因組學開發新的治療減肥飲食。

Dr. Melendez explains how the new diet developed at Hill’s (named Metabolic Advanced Weight Solution and only available with veterinarian's prescription) works in real life situations:

 梅倫德斯博士解釋如何製作新的寵物食品(命名為代謝高級重量的溶液,並僅適用於獸醫的處方)在實際生活中的情況:

The scientists at Hills Pet Nutrition were able to determine the difference in gene expression between pets who are obese and those who are lean, primarily related to differences in their metabolism. They then found a synergistic combination of ingredients that help change the unhealthy metabolism of the obese pet to work more like the healthy metabolism of lean animals by changing the gene expression of the obese pets to look more like the gene expression of a lean pet.

 科學家們在纖確定的寵物中誰是肥胖和誰是瘦的,主要涉及到寵物基因的不同造成新城代謝的差異。然後,他們發現的成分,有助於改變肥胖寵物的不健康代謝基因,把肥胖寵物的基因塑造成像精幹的寵物的的基因,肥胖的寵物的新城代謝會更類似於瘦動物健康的新陳代謝。

Rapid advances in nutrigenomics are helping veterinary nutritionists select pet food ingredients that affect positive changes in a pet’s body chemistry, resulting in better health. It is, however, vital that you always ask your veterinarian about what the best diet is for your pet. He or she is an excellent source of information about what could benefit your pet's health and well-being the most, including new scientific discoveries and therapeutic options.

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 營養基因學的迅速發展正在幫助獸醫營養學家選擇寵物食品成分,積極的影響寵物的身體化學變化,從而獲得更好的健康。但是,重要的是你需要請你的獸醫提供關於最好的飲食配方給您的寵物。如何做到最有利於你的寵物的健康和幸福,新的科學發現和治療方法也是一種不錯的選擇。

 

Sources:

An introduction to nutrigenomics developments and trends. Siân B. Astley. Genes Nutr. 2007 October; 2(1): 11–13. 

Nutrigenomics and Beyond: Informing the Future - Workshop Summary (2007) Food and Nutrition Board

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